부사절을축약하면분사구문이된다. 부사절축약은두가지로나뉜다. 첫째시간, 조건, 양보를나타내는부사절의주어가주절의주어와같고동사가 be동사일경우부사절의주어+be동사는생략가능하다. 둘째 after, before, when, while, since 등으로시작되는부사절의경우, 동사가 be동사가아닌일반동사라할지라도부사절의주어와주절의주어가같다면, 주어는생략하고동사는분사로만들어축약한다.
If √ heated, molecules move more rapidly. (√ they are 생략) (만약가열되면분자는더욱빠르게움직인다.)
He worked extremely hard though √ still poor in health. (√ he was 생략)
(여전히건강이좋지않지만그는매우열심히일했다.) The gorilla, while √ not as curious as the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem. (√ he is 생략)
When it is necessary, you can spend some of money. (it ≠ you)
= When √ necessary, you can spend some of money. (주절에 some of money 언급) →주절에간접적인언급대상이나참조할만한것이있을때는부사절의주어가주절의주어와달라도축약가능하다.
Since I put these into practice, I have had more energy and feel more alive. (내가이러한것을실행에옮긴이후더욱힘이나고활기를느낀다.)
= Since putting these into practice, I have had more energy and feel more alive.
Before I left the house, I would check the appliances, lights and doors.
(집을떠나기전에나는가전제품과전등그리고문단속이되었는지점검하곤했다.)
= Before leaving the house, I would check the appliances, lights and doors.
Review Test
둘중알맞은것을고르시오. Daniel Defoe also wrote Robinson Crusoe [during / while] in prison.
빈칸에들어갈가장적절한것을고르시오. _________ with the size of the earth, the atmosphere is a relatively thin layer of gases.
(A) Compare (B) Comparing (C) When compared (D) While comparing
정답 및 해설
Daniel Defoe also wrote Robinson Crusoe [during / while] in prison. [해설] 종속접속사 while 뒤에 (he was)가생략된축약된부사절이다. 전치사 during의목적어가전치사구(in prison)일순없다. [해석] Daniel Defoe는감옥에있는동안또한로빈슨크루소를썼다.
_________ with the size of the earth, the atmosphere is a relatively thin layer of gases. (A) Compare (B) Comparing (C) When compared (D) While comparing
[해설] 정답 (C) When it is compared 에서 (it is)가생략된부사절축약이다. compare는타동사로서목적어를취한다. 능동의현재분사는목적어를취하므로 (B), (D)는뒤에목적어가없으므로틀렸다. (A)의경우동사원형으로시작되는명령문의형태이다. (A) 또한뒤에목적어가없을뿐만아니라접속사없이콤마로두절을연결하고있으므로틀렸다. 타동사뒤에전치사가따르면과거분사를의미한다.